Biometric Turnstile

Last updated on: August 28th, 2023 11:25 am

What is biometric turnstile?

According to different identification methods, the pedestrian turnstile gate can be divided into turnstile gate with card reader, QR code turnstile, biometric turnstile. Today, we’ll mainly learn about biometric turnstile.

Biometric turnstile is a type of pedestrian turnstile gate device that recognizes based on biometric information. According to different recognition information, the biometric turnstile can be divided into four types: face recognition turnstile, fingerprint turnstile, finger vein recognition turnstile, and person certificate integration recognition turnstile gate. In this way, the pedestrian turnstile gate has diversified identification methods, realizes various functions, and meets the use needs of various occasions.

Say it in more detail, the biometric turnstile is based on the traditional intelligent turnstile gate, which adds a variety of biotechnology such as fingerprint recognition, finger vein recognition, face recognition, palm vein recognition, and iris recognition, so as to make the turnstile gate diversified identification methods and meet the needs of different occasions. For example, if the biometric turnstile is used for airport security inspection, you can show your ID and boarding pass and pass through the self-service biometric turnstile gate. Compared with the traditional boarding process, the biometric turnstile can greatly shorten the waiting time.

The biometric turnstile has the advantages of high reliability, high concealment, no need for external media, more convenient operation, fast recognition speed, higher security, and high user acceptance. Currently, the biometric turnstile is mainly used in high-end residential areas, office spaces, campuses, hospitals, scenic spots, customs, aviation, subway, railway, and other scenarios, and is one of the important access control systems in the security field.

The biometric identification method is characterized by identifying the biometrics of the passing people, with high reliability. For example, the face recognition method uses visible light to obtain face image information. During the movement of pedestrians, the camera can actively capture the pedestrian’s facial information and quickly identify the pedestrian’s traffic authority. Biometric turnstiles in different places use different identification methods, some use a single identification method, and some use multiple combinations.

Selection suggestions:

Biometric turnstile has developed very rapidly in recent years, such as fingerprint turnstile, face recognition turnstile, etc. there is confusion in the factors that users consider when choosing biometric turnstile, resulting in the inability to confirm which technology is really suitable for them. The following key factors are to be considered in the selection of a biometric turnstile.

1. User acceptance

The most important thing for all product solutions is user acceptance. For example, many users will refuse such fingerprint turnstile on the grounds that fingerprint identification is not hygienic enough, and there are certain requirements for identifying users’ fingers. In this case, non-contact technology has developed rapidly. Therefore, understanding which patterns are acceptable to users is the key to deploying biometric solutions.

2. Biometric Turnstile Security

Like the hidden dangers of network security, the popularity of biometric solutions has become the target of criminals trying to destroy. Many criminals enter interactive instructions to access restricted areas or direct attacks have become serious problems. Therefore, when choosing biometric turnstiles, we should consider the security of the biometric turnstile.

3. Accuracy

With the maturity of technology, the application of biometrics is constantly improving, but it is still one of the most fundamental needs of customers. To measure the accuracy of a product, there are usually indicators such as false acceptance rate (FRR), false alarm rate, recognition rate, false rejection rate (far), etc. Although face recognition has high convenience, its recognition accuracy will be affected by environmental light, recognition distance, and other factors. When users change their face by means of makeup and cosmetic surgery, it will also affect the recognition accuracy.

4. Biometric Turnstile Cost

Cost is a common consideration for users, especially when selecting the best and most effective identification hardware, cost is often the decisive factor.

5. Biometric Turnstile Environment

The installation environment has a great impact on the use of the product. The recognition rate of face recognition or iris recognition will be reduced in a dark environment. Before deciding which biometric turnstile to choose, the environmental factors must be considered, and the environment can be modified when necessary.

6. Trend

Due to the early cost and technical constraints, fingerprint turnstile is the most popular form in the market. However, in recent years, biometrics is becoming popular, especially in the financial and prison industries. Due to the relatively high accuracy, face recognition turnstile and iris recognition turnstiles are popular in some high-end projects.

It is worth noting that these elements are only general standards, because there is no single best model in different projects. The most appropriate biometric turnstile can be selected only by fully considering factors such as location, environment, and application population.

Where to buy biometric turnstile?

All of our types of turnstiles (swing turnstile, flap barrier turnstile, tripod turnstile, speed gate turnstile, sliding turnstile, full height turnstile)can integrate with a variety of biometric devices. We can also provide a variety of biometric devices, such as fingerprint scanner and face recognition camera, and easily integrate these biometric devices into our pedestrian turnstile gate, Usually, there are special customized biometric devices used on the pedestrian turnstile gate, which can better match and achieve more performance. In this way, it can also save space and look more beautiful. If you need to buy any biometric turnstiles, please check our product page or contact us directly.

Biometric turnstile function:

In fields such as office, residential, and shopping malls, biometric turnstiles can achieve functions such as user-safe entry and exit, personnel density statistics, frequency statistics, and trajectory analysis. At present, biometric turnstiles have become a new blue ocean track with great development prospects in fields such as smart campuses, smart transportation, and smart communities.

l. The biometric turnstile is made of a stainless steel box, which is treated by different processes, with a novel and beautiful appearance, strong and durable

2. It has a standardized setting interface (integrated magnetic card, bar code card, ID card, IC card, RFID, and other reading and writing devices are convenient)

3. Programmable gate control, multiple working modes can be selected, and one-way or two-way control can be set (user can set)

4. It has a unified and standard external electrical interface, which can be freely connected with various reading and writing equipment, and the system integration is easy

5. It has a clear traffic indication function to prompt the traffic status (passable and forbidden)

6. Setting of indicator light with operation status of pedestrian turnstile gate.

Biometric turnstile application:

Biometric turnstile is mainly used in stations, airports, subway ticket checking, examinations, etc. This setting can effectively ensure the smooth passage of passengers with valid tickets, improve work efficiency, and save financial expenses. In addition, biometric turnstiles are widely used in many fields, such as office buildings, cinemas, exhibition centers, libraries, stadiums, and sightseeing attractions, which can not only realize the efficient control of channels, but also meet the beauty and practicability of indoor and outdoor decoration design.

Today’s airports can “face recognition” customs clearance. Subway stations have already started “face recognition” ticket checking. Office buildings use “face recognition” to manage attendance. Residential areas use “face recognition” to enter the gate. Face recognition not only brings convenience to people, but also ensures the safety of entering staff.

Nowadays, many industries use face recognition turnstiles to replace manual services to carry out real-name authentication, which can establish efficient, convenient, fast, and accurate management methods for the entrance and reduce the cost of manual service management methods.

The use of face recognition turnstile can develop surveillance cameras from the front end and connect the collected statistical data with the public security organs, which is conducive to the reconnaissance work, avoid and a crackdown on criminal personal behavior, improving the safety of public places and improve the efficiency of public security personnel in handling cases.

Airports, subway stations, customs, and other urban public transport places, the face recognition and identity ID number city real name authentication integration, visitors self-service security check or check clearance, instead of manual service detection, and identification speed is very fast, improve the convenience of passengers travel.

The office building is equipped with a face recognition turnstile, which can establish an intelligent office. Customers can say goodbye to the traditional method of swiping credit cards. They can only go in and out according to the identification face. This not only strengthens the service management of the office building, but also improves the customer experience. Together, the company and property management can also use the statistical data collected according to the gate to improve the management system.

The application of face recognition turnstile in the residential area makes the security mode of the residential area more modern. It replaces the role of security personnel, identifies more accurately and without notes than security personnel, creates a convenient and fast entry for the residents of the residential area as soon as possible, and prevents the illegal entry of migrant workers. When the residents can’t easily find the card, don’t bring or lose the door card with a large luggage bag, I’m also worried that if I show my face, I can enter the door. It’s very convenient and can improve the residents’ sense of belonging to the community.

Next, we briefly introduce two widely used biometric turnstiles, the face recognition turnstile and the fingerprint turnstile.

Face recognition turnstile

In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the application field of biometric turnstile and the continuous upgrading of related technologies such as facial, fingerprint, and iris recognition, its market demand has been continuously increasing and its market penetration rate has been significantly improved. Among them, facial recognition turnstile is currently the mainstream product in the global market, and their market shipments are showing a rapid growth trend.

Face recognition turnstile is a powerful access control pedestrian biometric turnstile gate.

Face recognition gate is the application and development of a face recognition system in the turnstile gate. Compared with other general biometric turnstiles, IC/ID card turnstile gates, and QR code turnstile, face recognition turnstile have significant advantages and innovation.

Compared with manual service identification, face recognition turnstile replaces the traditional manual service method to carry out real-name authentication, which has higher efficiency and more accurate identification. Compared with fingerprint recognition, retina, palm print, and other biometric technology gates, face recognition turnstiles also have many advantages.

1. The face recognition turnstile is not mandatory: the customer does not need to be forced to cooperate with the professional face collection machine and equipment, and the system software can basically obtain the face image without the customer’s awareness.

2. High recognition degree of face recognition turnstile: for fingerprint verification or iris recognition, an electronic device liquid level sensor must be used to collect fingerprint recognition, or infrared induction must be used to collect retinal images. This unique collection method is very easy for others to find and will be hidden. However, the face recognition turnstile completely uses invisible light to obtain the content of face image information, which is not easy to hide.

3. Non-contact of face recognition turnstile: the customer does not need to touch the machine and equipment immediately. The system software can basically obtain the facial image without the customer’s active cooperation, saving time and effort.

4. High concurrency of face recognition turnstile: it can carry out express sorting, discrimination, and identification of several faces in specific application fields.

5. In addition, the face recognition turnstile is also in line with the visual characteristics, the characteristics of “judging people by appearance”, and its advantages such as convenient use and visualization of results. Compared with the ID number card, credit card certification, passport visa certification, QR code picture, and IC/ID card certification, the face recognition biometric turnstile does not need to carry a card or valid certificate.

It only needs to arrive at the spot to carry out the certification without having to lose the card or valid document to authenticate the vehicle, and it does not need to carry out the “gate fence”. The system software can basically obtain facial images when customers do not actively cooperate with each other, saving time and effort.

With the development of technology, the prospect of the pedestrian turnstile gate industry is moving towards high-end development. We need to find ways to improve the appearance and stability of the turnstile machine performance, while utilizing resource integration to achieve multifunctional and intelligent. The combination of manual management and equipment management will gradually be replaced by self-service inspection, truly achieving unmanned and efficient management. So the pedestrian turnstile gate is no longer a single card swiping pass, but more widely used in facial recognition, precisely because facial recognition has three major advantages: uniqueness, non-contact, and non-mandatory.

Fingerprint turnstile

Fingerprint turnstile is a widely used type of biometric turnstile, but no matter which pedestrian turnstile gate has unique advantages and disadvantages, it is just that the customer’s choice of specific requirements is different in specific occasions in practical application.

Advantages of fingerprint turnstile

The reason why fingerprint turnstile is used in access control management is that fingerprints are unique features of the human body, and their complexity is enough to provide sufficient features for identification;

If we want to increase reliability, we just need to register more fingerprints and identify more fingers, up to ten, and each fingerprint is unique;

Fingerprint turnstile is mainly used to scan fingerprints fast and is easy to use; It saves time and avoids the trouble caused by forgetting to bring the card or losing the card.

When people read fingerprints through the fingerprint turnstile, users must contact their fingers with the fingerprint acquisition head. Direct contact with the fingerprint acquisition head is the most reliable method to read human biometrics. This is also the main reason why fingerprint identification technology can be applied to pedestrian channel management.

The fingerprint acquisition head adopted by the fingerprint turnstile can be customized into miniaturization, which is easier to be embedded and used in combination with the turnstile gate.

Disadvantages of fingerprint turnstile

Some people’s fingerprints are difficult to image because they have few fingerprint features;

In the past, the use of fingerprints in criminal records made some people afraid to “record fingerprints”. However, in fact, the current fingerprint identification technology can ensure that it does not store any data containing fingerprint images, but only stores the encrypted fingerprint feature data obtained from fingerprints.

Every time the fingerprint is used, the user’s fingerprint marks will be left on the fingerprint acquisition head, and these fingerprint marks may be used to copy the fingerprint.

It can be seen that the fingerprint turnstile is the most convenient, reliable, non-invasive, and cheap biometric technology solution at present, and has great potential for the application of all walks of life.

What is biometric technology?

Biometric recognition technology is a technology that uses the biological features of the human body (such as fingerprints, finger veins, palm prints, palm shape, face shape, iris, voiceprints, palm veins, DNA, etc.) and behavioral features (such as signatures, gait, etc.) to recognize human identity.

Biometric identification technology is a technology that closely combines various biometric sensors and principles of biostatistics to utilize the inherent physiological characteristics of the human body (such as fingerprints, palm shape, iris, veins, etc.) and behavioral characteristics (such as handwriting, voice, gait, etc.) for individual identity authentication.

Biometric technology is a solution for authentication based on human body characteristics. It is also a popular verification method applied to the intelligent pedestrian biometric turnstile access control system. The biological characteristics of the human body include fingerprint, sound, face, retina, palmprint, skeleton, and so on. The core of the so-called biometrics is how to obtain these biometrics, convert them into digital information, store them in the computer, and use reliable matching algorithms to complete the process of verifying and identifying personal identity.

Traditional identification methods include identification items (such as keys, documents, ID cards, etc.) and identification knowledge (such as passwords). Due to the main use of external objects, once the identification items and knowledge used to prove identity are stolen or forgotten, their identity is easily impersonated by others.

Why use biometrics:

The comprehensive application of multiple biometric identification technologies will greatly enhance the security, accuracy, and judgment of access control systems. With the help of biometric technology, the access control biometric turnstile gate can not only manage the access rights of personnel, but also achieve the management of human behavior characteristics, such as providing data information such as personnel density statistics, frequency statistics, trajectory tracking analysis, etc.

Biometric identification technology is more secure, confidential, and convenient than traditional identification methods. Biometric recognition technology has the advantages of being unforgettable, having good anti-counterfeiting performance, being less prone to forgery or theft, being portable, and being available anytime and anywhere. However, in the face of various biometric devices in the market, how to select devices suitable for practical applications in access control systems is a problem that troubles many owners and integrators.

Biometric recognition technology has the advantages of being unforgettable, having good anti-counterfeiting performance, being less prone to forgery or theft, being portable, and being available anytime and anywhere. But in the face of various biometric devices on the market, how should users choose devices suitable for practical applications in access control systems?

Before making specific choices, the following requirements are usually used to evaluate the maturity of biometric technology. So why do we use biometric recognition because it has the following characteristics:

Universality: Everyone must possess similar biological characteristics;

Uniqueness: The degree to which biological characteristics distinguish individual organisms;

Permanence: This biological feature will not undergo significant changes over time;

Collectibility: This biometric feature must be easily obtainable;

Recognition performance: the recognition accuracy, recognition speed, and stability that the device can achieve;

Acceptance: The acceptance of such recognition methods by end users.

Biometrics & access control:

In today’s rapidly developing digital technology and network technology, access control technology has undergone rapid development. The access control system is no longer just about managing doorways and keys. It has long developed into a complete set of entrance and exit management systems.

The commonly used access control systems nowadays mainly include biometric identification (fingerprint, face, palm, iris, etc.) and systems represented by radio frequency card systems. Compared to the inconvenience caused by the possibility of theft, loss, forgetting, and copying of keys, magnetic cards, IC cards, passwords, etc. in the past, biometric identification did not have the problem of loss, and is almost impossible to duplicate and replicate, confirming the uniqueness and non-repudiation of personnel entering and exiting.

Although traditional access control systems represented by radio frequency cards can play some role, fundamentally, they are meant to verify the “things” held by individuals, rather than verifying them.

In recent years, with the rapid development of the industry, the number of personnel in the factory area and the continuous expansion of the scale of process equipment have posed greater challenges to the safety production and management of enterprises. The demand for entrance and exit security control and job attendance is extremely urgent. The fingerprint access control system is an extremely important component of security prevention, which uses high-tech biometric methods to scientifically manage and control production areas and important prevention areas, preventing the occurrence of malicious events such as illegal invasion, theft, and destruction.

From the perspective of a security prevention system, technical defense, civil defense, and material defense are indispensable conditions for the security prevention system, and a fingerprint access control system is an important means of civil defense.

For practical projects, choosing the appropriate biometric device depends on the project’s rigid demand for the recognition device and some implicit factors, such as the situation of the end user, the application environment of the device, the qualifications of the device provider, and the implementation cases of the device.

1. Application scenarios: Each technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, and is suitable for different application scenarios. For example, for small office spaces with low instantaneous pedestrian flow, such as situations where the number of users is less than 100, and fingerprints are not worn or stained, it is recommended to use fingerprint recognition.

For factories, mines, construction sites, or with a population greater than 100 people, it is recommended to use a handheld device. In situations where there are a large number of people entering and exiting, advanced facial recognition systems can showcase their skills. In the field of finance or some advanced laboratories, vein and iris recognition is widely used.

2. Security requirements: Access control is used to ensure security, with varying levels of security. A top-level security requirement may require the use of state-of-the-art biometric products such as iris and veins, and multiple identification methods can be used to enhance its security, such as adding biometric devices to access control cards. If it is a general security level, it can be selected based on the performance of different biometric devices.

3. Performance: There has never been an accurate standard for measuring the performance of biometric devices, so actual implementation cases and equipment brands have a significant impact on the final choice. If the requirements are high, selecting equipment that has been tested by actual projects would be a better choice. In this case, foreign brands will have some advantages because their biometric products generally have a long application history and a large number of practical cases.

4. System integration: Currently, due to the different biometric algorithms used by various biometric products, the biometric templates for identifying individuals are also different. Therefore, for biometric product manufacturers, they cannot adopt a unified standard for template management of biometric products, which leads to inconsistent output methods and protocols for different biometric products, such as RS232, RS485 TCP/IP, and other interface methods.

Therefore, when integrating biometric devices for access control systems, full consideration should be given to the feasibility of system integration, including system design, hardware interfaces, software interfaces, management processes, system operations, and the actual needs of end-users.

Currently, the Wigan protocol has been accepted by the vast majority of access control system manufacturers and has become a universal standard for integrating different front-end recognition devices in access control systems. Adopting biometric products that can output the Wigan protocol is very convenient for integrators.

However, it should be noted that due to the unidirectional digital transmission method adopted by the Wigan protocol, its transmission distance and information content are affected. Therefore, the integration method using the Wigan protocol is only applicable to adding biometric readers to the access control system. If advanced functions such as biometric template management are involved, methods such as RS485 or TCP/IP need to be used to centrally manage biometric devices.

Secondly, there are various manufacturers of biometric products, and most of them have different communication protocols. Manufacturers of access control systems usually collaborate with some biometric product manufacturers to integrate their communication protocols into the management platform of the access control system, especially those that provide both biometric devices and access control systems.

Typically, such access control systems can effectively integrate biometric products. The management platform of the access control system has functions such as managing and allocating biometric templates for biometric products, and the access control system controller can also communicate with biometric products in real-time.

With the continuous emergence of biometric turnstiles, their applications in access control systems will inevitably increase. The high security and non-volatile characteristics of biometric products are being recognized by more and more users. In the near future, biometric products will undoubtedly become a powerful force in the front-end identification equipment of access control systems, and will also play an increasingly important role in the security field.

Common biometric technologies:

What are the common biometric technologies of biometric turnstile? Let’s briefly introduce it.

Biometric technology is widely used, especially in the field of security. At present, the main biometric technologies include fingerprint recognition, face recognition, iris recognition, speech recognition, and signature recognition.

1. Fingerprint identification

Fingerprint identification mainly identifies the operator or the operator according to the lines, details, and other information of a human fingerprint. Thanks to modern electronic integrated manufacturing technology and fast and reliable algorithm research, fingerprint identification has begun to enter our daily life and become a more in-depth, widely used, and mature technology in biometrics.

Fingerprint identification is the most widely used biometric technology, especially in the field of pedestrian access turnstile gate prohibition and attendance. It has a long history, mature technology, small equipment, and low cost. It is widely used in the fields of attendance, access control, automatic identification, etc;

Fingerprint recognition and facial recognition are currently the most commonly used recognition methods in biometric turnstiles.

It also has disadvantages: contact is required, and there are invasive and health problems. In addition, fingerprints are easy to wear, and the degree of dryness and wetness of fingers will affect the effect of identity recognition;

Fingerprints refer to the strip-like patterns on human fingers, whose formation depends on the environment during embryonic development. Currently, many countries store fingerprints as official personal information data collected in identity recognition databases, becoming a means for judicial departments to conduct identity verification.

As the most traditional and mature biometric technology, fingerprints have the following two prominent advantages:

Stability: From the complete formation of the fetus’s fingers at 6 months to the decay of the body after death, the overall distribution of fingerprint line types, structures, and statistical features remains unchanged;

Uniqueness: so far we cannot find two people with identical fingerprints.

Fingerprint comparison usually uses the feature point method to extract features such as the divergence of convex curves on the fingerprint or the cut-off parts (endpoints) in the fingerprint for identification. In recent years, with the development of electronic technology, the performance of automatic fingerprint recognition has greatly improved. Generally, recognition only takes about 1 second, with an error rejection rate of less than 2% and an error acceptance rate of less than 0.0001%.

However, in order to improve reliability, fingerprint recognition devices have certain requirements for the placement of hands. In addition, the system also has certain requirements for the actual situation of fingers, which will reduce the recognition rate for dirty or dry fingers.

For end users, due to the fact that fingerprints have been entered as personal information into official identity databases in many places and used in access control systems, there is a risk of personal information leakage if not properly managed.

The development of fingerprint recognition technology involves many disciplines, such as image processing, pattern recognition, machine learning, computer vision, mathematical morphology, wavelet analysis, and so on. An automatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS), which includes fingerprint image acquisition, processing, feature extraction, and comparison and equivalence modules, is the most accepted product in this field.

2. Finger vein recognition

Finger vein recognition is a kind of vein recognition. Firstly, the personal finger vein distribution map is obtained by a finger vein recognition instrument, and the characteristic values are extracted from the finger vein distribution map according to the comparison algorithm. Through near-infrared light irradiation, the image of the finger vein is obtained by a CCD camera, the digital image of the finger vein is stored in the computer system, and the characteristic values are stored.

Finger vein recognition is a technology that utilizes near-infrared radiation to irradiate living human finger veins, and obtains vein images for encoding and authentication. Medical research has shown that uniqueness and stability are unique features of human finger veins, meaning that each person’s finger vein image has uniqueness, and each person’s different fingers also have different vein images; Under normal circumstances, the shape of veins in healthy adults does not change with age, which provides medical evidence for finger vein recognition.

Compared with fingerprint recognition technology, it is hidden inside the body and requires a living finger vein, so the chances of being copied or stolen are very small. The tested person has low psychological resistance and is less affected by physiological and environmental factors. It overcomes factors such as dry skin, oil stains, dust, and skin surface abnormalities. The entire process from capturing the original vein image to digital processing takes less than 1 second, And it has many important characteristics such as a high accuracy recognition rate that can be triggered (error rejection rate is about 0.01%, error acceptance rate is about 0.0001%), making it far superior to fingerprint recognition technology in terms of high security and convenient use.

3. Face recognition

Face recognition is to recognize the input face image or video stream based on human facial features. Firstly, judge whether there is a face. If there is a face, further give the position and size of each face and the position information of each main facial organ. Based on this information, the identity features contained in each face are further extracted and compared with the known faces, so as to recognize the identity of each face.

Facial recognition is a biometric technology that uses facial feature information for identity recognition. Use a camera to capture images or video streams containing faces, and automatically detect and track faces in the images. Then, a series of related technical measures are taken for the detected facial images, including facial image acquisition, facial localization, facial recognition preprocessing, memory storage, and comparison recognition, to achieve the goal of identifying different people.

Facial recognition devices mainly analyze facial shapes and features, including the contours, shapes, and positional relationships of eyes, nose, mouth, eyebrows, and face. Facial recognition is very complex due to variations in brightness, angle, and facial expressions. In addition, facial recognition systems are very sensitive to direct exposure to light, especially sunlight, in which case the error rejection rate can greatly increase, and in some cases, recognition is even impossible.

Face recognition is a very active research field in recent years. It has the characteristics of good intuition, convenience, friendliness, and easier acceptance; But it also has disadvantages: the existing face recognition system can achieve satisfactory results under the condition of user cooperation and ideal acquisition conditions. However, when the user does not cooperate and the acquisition conditions are not ideal, the recognition rate of the existing system will drop sharply. In addition, the user’s face changes, which will greatly reduce the recognition effect;

In order to test the performance of current biometric technology on the market in practical application environments, the UK’s National Physical Laboratory conducted an independent third-party test on several common biometric technologies.

Face recognition includes two research fields: face detection and face recognition. There are four kinds of face detection algorithms: knowledge-based, feature-based, template-based, and representation-based. Face recognition needs to use facial stable features for recognition. Such algorithms include methods based on LDA, PCA, ICA, Gabor, and feature face. At present, the research direction of face recognition has entered the stage of 3D face recognition.

At present, the most common biometric recognition technologies on the market can achieve good practicality, but no technology can have an overwhelming advantage over other technologies.

4. Palmar vein recognition

Palmar vein recognition is another mature technology in this field. When using the palmar vein for identity authentication, the image features of a palmar vein are obtained, which only exist when a palmar vein is living. In this system, the non-living palm can’t get the vein image features, so it can’t be recognized, so it can’t be fake.

Palm shape recognition is a technology that emerged in the 1980s. The equipment used for palm shape recognition is based on three-dimensional measurements of the geometric shape of a human hand. Because everyone’s hand shape is different, it can be used as a condition for recognition. The recognition function is mainly achieved by determining several external features of the human hand, including the length, width, thickness, and surface area of the palm, as well as the width, length, thickness, and curvature of different parts of the fingers. These data provide a unique combination relationship, ensuring fast, accurate, and reliable recognition.

Usually, the error rejection rate of palm recognition devices is about 0.03%, while the error acceptance rate is 0.1%. The system only needs 1 second to complete one recognition.

5. Iris recognition

Iris recognition technology has now been widely recognized. Iris recognition technology is more accurate, but sometimes there will be recognition obstacles when the device scans the retina.

The iris is a circular colored tissue around the pupils, which has rich and distinct texture patterns, forming the foundation of iris recognition. The formation of the iris is determined by genetic factors, and the expression of human genes determines the shape, physiology, color, and overall appearance of the iris. By around the age of two, the iris has basically developed to a sufficient size and entered a relatively stable period. Except for rare abnormal conditions, and physical or mental trauma that cause changes in the appearance of the iris, the morphology of the iris can remain unchanged for decades.

Iris recognition technology is recognized as the most accurate recognition method among the existing biometric means.

Advantages: high accuracy, anti-deception, high practicability, and no contact. The feature template is formed by using the features of the iris region (ring, wrinkle, spot, and crown) in a human eye image, and the recognition is completed by comparing these feature parameters;

Disadvantages: iris image acquisition equipment is expensive and troublesome. However, because it has high accuracy and can provide accurate identity, it is the first choice for effective identity verification;

Conclusion: iris recognition is an eye-related biometric with low human interference. It uses quite common camera elements and does not require the user to contact the machine. In addition, it has the ability to achieve higher template-matching performance. Therefore, it has attracted the attention of all kinds of people.

Additionally, due to the transparent cornea on the outside of the iris isolating it from the outside world, a fully developed iris is less susceptible to external damage and changes. Iris recognition technology scans and images iris patterns using a type of near-infrared light, and determines the degree of similarity through XOR operations on pattern pixels. The process of iris recognition first requires the separation of the iris from the eye image, followed by feature analysis. In theory, the probability of finding two identical irises is 1 in 1.2 million, which is also the most accurate among all known biometric recognition technologies.

Iris recognition has not been widely used in the civilian market due to its complex equipment, short scanning distance, and users’ psychological health concerns.

The biometric turnstile needs to customize the appearance and function of the intelligent pedestrian turnstile gate according to the needs of different occasions.

6. Speech recognition

Speech recognition is the application of a speaker’s voice and linguistic patterns based on biological and behavioral characteristics. It recognizes the speaker by analyzing the unique characteristics of speech, such as the frequency of pronunciation.

Advantages: easy to use, large distance range, and simple installation. Only one microphone is needed to receive the signal;

Disadvantages: low accuracy, limited application range, easy to be affected by background noise, physical condition, and emotion. In addition, the recording of the same person will also deceive the speech recognition system;

7. Signature recognition

Signature recognition is a biometric technology based on behavioral characteristics. It makes identity confirmation by analyzing the handwriting of the signature and the pressure and speed of the signature process.

Advantages: identification of different styles;

Disadvantages: a signature is related to mood, writing tools, and other factors, especially the signature can be forged and the anti-deception is poor;

Summary: signature recognition can be divided into online signatures and offline signatures. Online signature is the collection of signature samples by handwriting pad. In addition to collecting the coordinates of writing points, some systems also collect data such as pressure and pen holding angle; Offline signature is to enter a signature sample through the scanner. Obviously, offline signatures are easy to forge and difficult to identify. Online signature is not easy to forge because of dynamic information. At present, the recognition rate can also reach a satisfactory level.

At present, fingerprint recognition is the most widely used identity recognition technology, and face recognition has been paid more and more attention. The innovative pedestrian access gate identity recognition technology mostly adopts fingerprint recognition, face recognition, and iris recognition, which can meet the requirements of users such as attendance and security protection, and the biometric turnstile gate can be customized.

Application of biotechnology:

For practical projects, choosing the appropriate biometric device depends on the project’s rigid demand for the recognition device and some implicit factors, such as the situation of the end user, the application environment of the device, the qualifications of the device provider, and the implementation cases of the device.

1. Application scenarios: Each technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, and is suitable for different application scenarios. For example, for small office spaces with the low instantaneous pedestrian flow, such as situations where the number of users is less than 100, and fingerprints are not worn or stained, it is recommended to use fingerprint recognition. For factories, mines, construction sites, or with a population greater than 100 people, it is recommended to use a handheld device. In situations where there are a large number of people entering and exiting, advanced facial recognition systems can showcase their skills. In the field of finance or some advanced laboratories, vein and iris recognition is widely used.

2. Security requirements: Access control is used to ensure security, with varying levels of security. A top-level security requirement may require the use of state-of-the-art biometric products such as iris and veins, and multiple identification methods can be used to enhance its security, such as adding biometric devices to access control cards. If it is a general security level, it can be selected based on the performance of different biometric devices.

3. Performance: There has never been an accurate standard for measuring the performance of biometric devices, so actual implementation cases and equipment brands have a significant impact on the final choice. If the requirements are high, selecting equipment that has been tested by actual projects would be a better choice. In this case, foreign brands will have some advantages because their biometric products generally have a long application history and a large number of practical cases.

4. System integration: Currently, due to the different biometric algorithms used by various biometric products, the biometric templates for identifying individuals are also different. Therefore, for biometric product manufacturers, they cannot adopt a unified standard for template management of biometric products, which leads to inconsistent output methods and protocols for different biometric products, such as RS232, RS485 TCP/IP, and other interface methods.

Therefore, when integrating biometric devices for access control systems, full consideration should be given to the feasibility of system integration, including system design, hardware interfaces, software interfaces, management processes, system operations, and the actual needs of end-users.

Currently, the Wigan protocol has been accepted by the vast majority of access control system manufacturers and has become a universal standard for integrating different front-end recognition devices in access control systems. Adopting biometric products that can output the Wigan protocol is very convenient for integrators.

However, it should be noted that due to the unidirectional digital transmission method adopted by the Wigan protocol, its transmission distance and information content are affected. Therefore, the integration method using the Wigan protocol is only applicable to adding biometric readers to the access control system. If advanced functions such as biometric template management are involved, methods such as RS485 or TCP/IP need to be used to centrally manage biometric devices.

Secondly, there are various manufacturers of biometric turnstiles, and most of them have different communication protocols. Manufacturers of access control systems usually collaborate with some biometric turnstile manufacturers to integrate their communication protocols into the management platform of the access control system, especially those that provide both biometric devices and access control systems.

Typically, such access control systems can effectively integrate biometric turnstiles. The management platform of the access control system has functions such as managing and allocating biometric templates for biometric turnstiles, and the access control system controller can also communicate with biometric turnstiles in real-time.

With the continuous emergence of biometric products, their applications in access control systems will inevitably increase. The high security and non-volatile characteristics of biometric turnstiles are being recognized by more and more users. In the near future, biometric products will undoubtedly become a powerful force in the front-end identification equipment of access control systems, and will also play an increasingly important role in the security field.

In the future, the management of entrance and exit biometric turnstile gates will develop in a more intelligent direction, such as further integration of hardware devices, more internet-based control systems, and more widespread shared applications.

Sharing this: